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16th May 2013
16
May 2013
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The Electoral Reform Society has welcomed the private members bill on party funding introduced by Alan Whitehead, Lord Tyler and Andrew Tyrie published at noon today.

The bill lands just days after the Electoral Commission published donors for the first quarter of 2013. Labour received over £1.5 million from John Mills, founder of home shopping company JML Direct, while Conservatives received £500,000 a piece from the wife of a former arms dealer, and the Chief Executive of head of mining conglomerate Xstrata.  

The Society has called on party leaders to use this opportunity to break the deadlock.

 

Darren Hughes, Director of Campaigns and Research for the Electoral Reform Society said:

 

“This bill puts pay to the myth that cross-party solution to party funding isn’t possible. Caps on spending and donations are the only logical response to the electoral arms race.

 

“This weeks figures show how reliant the parties have become on a dwindling number of big donors. And it’s only natural for the public to question their motives. 

 

“That policies are not for sale should be beyond doubt. We have reached an impasse because our political class only seem to be motivated by their own bank balances. They need to understand that delay has a price – and that’s public trust in politics.”

 

“An open, clean and fair model of funding the parties would give taxpayers far better value for money.  It would ensure our politicians don’t have to dance to the tune of trusts, union bosses or City interests”

 

“We cannot wait for the next scandal. All the parties have been tainted by party funding. Party leaders need to take this opportunity break the deadlock, and break the hold of big money on our politics.”

List of Quarter 1 2013 top donors

Source: Electoral Commission.

 

Donor name

Total amount (£)

Recipient

1

Mr John Mills

1,647,500

Labour Party

2

Unite the Union

766,963

Labour Party

3

Mr Michael Davis

500,000

Conservative and Unionist Party

4

Ms May Makhzoumi

500,000

Conservative and Unionist Party

5

The Co-operative Group (CWS) Ltd

412,973

Co-operative Party

6

Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers

314,388

Labour Party

7

Mr Stanley Robert Parker

295,775

The Socialist Party of Great Britain

8

Mr James R Lupton

255,000

Conservative and Unionist Party

9

Mr Michael S Farmer

254,334

Conservative and Unionist Party

10

Mr Graham R Hunnable

200,000

Liberal Democrats

 

This table lists the top ten donors for Quarter 1 2013. Figures have been rounded to the nearest pound. The table only includes donations accepted in January, February and March 2013 (Quarter 1 2013).  Donations reported late are not included. 

 

 

For more information contact mediaoffice@electoral-reform.org.uk or call Ashley Dé on 07968791684  

8th May 2013
8
May 2013
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The Electoral Reform Society has welcomed the Government’s move not to legislate for recall of MPs in the next session.

In today’s Queen’s Speech the Government made no reference to its earlier pledges to legislate for recall. Conservative MP Zac Goldsmith has introduced several Private Members Bills on recall – the most recent of which had its first reading in June last year. 
 
The Society has said that any moves towards recall via the backdoor should be strongly resisted. It has published 4 reasons to oppose recall based on the US experience – where it has empowered elites on the right and left, and has become a partisan tool in the Democratic and Republican arsenals.
 
Katie Ghose, Chief Executive of the Electoral Reform Society said:
 
“Governments rarely receive praise for inaction - but that is precisely the right move on recall. 
 
“The recall myth tells that it empowers the public to kick out wayward MPs. In reality it is a partisan tool wielded by powerful interest groups – to promote sore losers.

“Recall is not the great leveller. It would give moneyed elites an even greater grip on our politics. No one wants to see the Tax Payers Alliance and Unite spending millions chasing signatures on their latest recall petition.

“Let’s make sure our Members of Parliament are properly subject to the laws of the land. Let’s make sure MPs found guilty of criminal offenses trigger automatic by-elections. But let’s pass on recall.”
 
“Recall has polluted American politics. And its time its British proponents looked long and hard at the evidence. The Government have passed on recall for now, but any attempts to introduce it via the backdoor must be strongly resisted.”
 
4 good reasons to oppose recall

1) It’s a Partisan Tool
 
Recall has become a conventional partisan campaign tool at every level of government in the US. – Which has allowed forces on the left and right the chance to rerun political battles after Election Day.
 
The 2012 Recall initiative against Wisconsin’s Republican Governor Scott Walker was a straight rerun of the 2010 gubernatorial election – and proved the most expensive contest in the state’s history. According to the advocacy group Wisconsin Democracy Campaign, candidates and outside groups spent more than $80 million in the governor's recall race. This compares to $37.4 million spent on the 2010 gubernatorial election
 
According to USA Today, $30 million of Walker's donations came from outside the state with Democratic opponent Tom Barrett receiving $20 million from labour unions.
 
Tit for tat recall bids in the Wisconsin State Senate in 2011 saw Democratic and Republican opponents attempt to tip the chamber’s political balance in midterm. 
 
Kathleen Dolan, a political scientist at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee commented: "Wisconsin has become in some ways a microcosm of the partisan wars that have been raging nationally."

2) It rewards Big Money

Recall rewards established groups who are organised enough – and well resourced enough – to deliver petitions.

US academic Dr Elizabeth Garret has expressed her concern over the role of money in recall contests – following the successful recall of California Democratic Governor Gray Davis. She notes that “a group seeking ballot qualification can be certain of success if it is willing to pay enough”
 
Many US recall drives rely on paid ‘circulators’ to generate signatures. Garret observes that a “sophisticated initiative industry” has grown up in California, including “companies which “offer clients a money back guarantee if they don’t produce enough valid signatures.” In 1999 these companies received an average of $1.50 per signature.
 
3) It’s expensive
 
The high costs of recall contests have led to unintended consequences.
 
In 1993 five members of the city council of Covina, Los Angeles County, were recalled because a 6% utility tax. As a result of the revenue being lost from the utility tax the library and fire station came under threat of closure and 42 city employees faced redundancy. The councillors who were elected as replacements then introduced an 8.25% tax.

4) It’s ineffective
 
In almost all cases US recall isn’t based on any allegations of criminal wrongdoing.
 
Johnstown, Colorado Mayor Mark Romanowski survived a recall election in 2011 that was prompted, in part, by residents’ opposition to a plan to switch from diagonal to parallel parking spaces. Ogden, Kansas, Mayor Jimmy Bonds lost a recall election in 2010 after firing two lifeguards. Opponents said he overstepped his bounds.

American states have varying signature thresholds to initiate recall at different levels. The problem is a higher bar rewards money; a lower bar opens the door to frivolous bids.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

2nd May 2013
2
May 2013
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UKIP rise: Expect the unexpected
As polls open in the 2013 County Council elections the Electoral Reform Society has commented on the consequences of a possible UKIP ‘surge’.
 
Darren Hughes, Director of Campaigns and Research said:
 
“Our elections were never designed for 3 party politics – let alone 4. Our fickle First Past the Post system has long since ceased to be a reliable gauge of local opinion and UKIP’s rise will throw these problems into stark relief. 
 
“A UKIP surge letting in Labour or shoring up the Lib Dems? Labour gains against the Lib Dems letting in the Tories? We’ve seen it all before, and we will see it again.
 
“Some election experts might describe these results as ‘predictable’ but that’s only because of our system’s track record of misreading public opinion.
 
“We will have to wait on the results. The only certainty is that once again the public aren’t going to get the local democracy they voted for.”

A taste of things to come: The results of vote splitting in previous elections:

  • 2012, Great Yarmouth, 20% vote for UKIP, they got no seats, but dragged enough votes from the Conservatives to let in Labour.
  • 2007, Brighton. Greens gained 4.1%, mostly from Labour, leaving the Conservatives one off a majority.
  • Liverpool, 2008. Labour get 39% and 16 seats. Lib Dems get 34.6% and 13. Conservatives get 8.5% and 0. Liberals get 6.9% and 1. Had Conservatives and Liberals backed Lib Dems instead would have stopped a Labour majority in that year.
  • Westminster 2010. Conservatives get 42.7% - 48 seats. Labour get 26.3% - 12 seats. Lib Dems 19.2% and Greens 10.5%. Both no seats. Almost no UKIP vote (0.7%). Divided left, homogenous right = Conservative supermajority.
  • Plymouth 2012: UKIP get 20.3% of the vote but lose their single seat. Labour get 43.9% of the vote, win 12 seats, as opposed to 7 for the Conservatives on 30.9%. Almost no Lib Dem vote (3.2%). Council swings from Conservative to Labour control.
 

25th April 2013
25
Apr 2013
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The Electoral Reform Society has welcomed Labour’s plans to launch an inquiry into Britain’s "flatlining democracy".[1]

Following Shadow Leader of the House of Commons Angela Eagle’s speech to the Hansard Society, the Society has called for a serious debate on the root causes of political disengagement – and not on quick fixes like lotteries or compulsory voting.

Katie Ghose, Chief Executive of the Electoral Reform Society:

“We’ve had promises of free doughnuts and now we’re hearing about lotteries. [2].The problems in our democracy will not be solved by palliatives or headline grabbing initiatives.

“We welcome Labour’s new focus on political disengagement. Now the party needs to show it is prepared to tackle the big issues that are keeping disenchanted voters at home.”

“The 16 million of us who stayed away from the polls in 2010 offer a stark warning to all parties. We need new ideas to get people back into the habit of voting, and look forward to working with Labour on this inquiry.”
The Society welcomed Angela Eagle’s unease over compulsory voting. Katie added:

“Compulsory voting would simply cook the books on plunging turnout figures. Let’s deal with root causes, not hide political disengagement behind the threat of a fine.”


[1] Building a Better Politics - Speech by Angela Eagle MP to the Hansard Society 24 April 2013 http://www.noodls.com/viewNoodl/18369284/labour-party/building-a-better-politics---speech-by-angela-eagle-mp-to-th

[2] See: Voters to be enticed to the polls... with an offer of free doughnuts The Daily Mail, 10 July 2008 http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1033822/Voters-enticed-polls--offer-free-doughnuts.html

[3] The Society recently published its own analysis into Britan’s flatlining democracy. Reviving the health of our Democracy, by Jess Garland, is available for download http://www.electoral-reform.org.uk/images/dynamicImages/healthofourdemocracy.pdf



22nd April 2013
22
Apr 2013
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The Electoral Reform Society has welcomed news that the ban on paid political broadcast advertising is to remain in place following a knife edge 9-8 vote at the European Court of Human Rights. [1]

The Society had warned that lifting the ban would escalate the current ‘arms race’ on political spending and fuel the rise of the British SuperPAC – the interest groups that pour millions into advertising independently of the US parties at and between elections.

The Society noted that at the last US election a single Senate race in Pennsylvania cost nearly $40 million – more than the $31 million spent by all three main parties in the 2010 General Election combined. [2] The lion’s share went on relentless broadcast ‘attack’ ads.

Katie Ghose, Chief Executive of the Electoral Reform Society said:


“This ruling should be welcome news to all democrats. Lifting the ban would have irrevocably changed the political landscape in Britain, and not for the better. The last Senate race in Pennsylvania cost more than our three main parties spent on the last General Election combined. And it didn’t buy a higher quality of debate – just back to back attack ads.

“The US experience shows the only people who would profit from TV attack ads are moneyed interest groups, TV networks and paid political consultants. The biggest loser would be democratic debate in Britain.

“For a moment it looked like the UK was sleepwalking towards SuperPAC Politics. There is already a problem with big money in our politics, but lifting this ban would have made it look like small change. “

See:

[1] The case Animal Defenders International v UK challenged the current ban on political advertising in the broadcast media for violation of Article 10 of the European Convention. The judgement can be found here: http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/pages/search.aspx?i=001-119244#{"itemid":["001-119244"]}

[2] See: http://www.timesleader.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?avis=TL&date=20121207&category=news&lopenr=312079915&Ref=AR

For more information or comment contact mediaoffice@electoral-reform.org.uk or call Ashley Dé on 07968 791684
18th April 2013
18
Apr 2013
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- Nearly 20 million– over 1 in 3 - in England and Wales now live in authorities without viable opposition.

- Full data below by party, authority and by region.

With this year’s elections only a few weeks away new analysis from the Electoral Reform Society has revealed the parlous state of local democracy in England and Wales.

Evidence shows almost 20 million people are now living in the local government equivalent of ‘One Party States’ – with single parties holding undeserved supermajorities, and other parties incapable of providing viable opposition.

104 authorities in England and Wales now have a single party holding in excess of 75% of council seats. In every case this is wholly out of proportion to the support the governing parties enjoy locally – giving their administrations carte blanche on official business.

Darren Hughes, Director of Campaigns and Research at the Electoral Reform Society said:

“Any decent democracy requires a viable opposition. But in the One Party States of England and Wales nearly 20 million people don’t enjoy that luxury. These authorities enjoy power without real accountability – and council tax payers deserve better.”

“We can’t rely on governing parties to keep themselves in check. Our councils need a critical mass of opposition for basic scrutiny to work – and it’s what the public keep voting for. But our broken voting system is handing out fake supermajorities to parties out of all proportion to their real support.

“The coming elections will barely make a dent on these One Party States, and it’s why they breed complacency. When councillors in Slough and Tunbridge Wells voted themselves pay increases they knew they were untouchable.

"Quite simply no councillor and no council should be beyond the reach of voters.”

The Society has called for England and Wales to follow the lead of Scotland, and abandon First Past the Post for a fair voting system in local elections. Since they made the move in 2007 most of Scotland is still run by single party governments – but all councils now have vibrant opposition. Hughes added:


“Fair votes have made Scotland’s One Party fiefdoms a thing of the past. There are lessons here for anyone who believes local democracy in England and Wales should be better.”

Full data by party and by region available here: www.electoral-reform.org.uk/images/dynamicImages/OnePartyStatesFINAL.xls

One Party States in England and Wales:

  • The Society has defined ‘One Party States’ as authorities with a single party holding over 75% of council seats, leaving opposition incapable of providing any checks of council decision making. With 2/3 control alone majority parties have the ability to overturn standing orders, and change the way the councils are run.
     
  • 19,921,901 people live in local One Party States.

    68 Conservative One Party States – total population 12,060,925
    3 Liberal Democrat One Party States - total population 371,515
    33 Labour One Party States – total population 7,488,651

Population estimates are based on the 2011 census. The Society has avoided double counting voters living in 2 tier authorities.

  • This data offers a snapshot of local government in England and Wales following the 2012 local elections. It does not factor in by-elections or defections in intervening period.
27th March 2013
27
Mar 2013
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The Electoral Reform Society has responded to news of an impending by-election in South Shields.

The Tyne and Wear seat, that hasn't changed hands since 1935, is among Labour's safest. With the result of the election known today, the Society has suggested we could forgo the ‘formalities’ of an election.

Darren Hughes, Campaigns and Research Director of the Electoral Reform Society said:


"The result of the South Shields by-election is known today. The only thing we don't have is a candidate.

"South Shields next member of parliament is now being decided by party bosses. Local voters will not get a look in.

"We’ve had wars, recessions, and political earthquakes and this seat that has never changed hands. Perhaps it’s time to forgo the formalities of a by-election?

Research from the Society shows that 232 seats in parliament haven’t changed hands since World War 2 – with 32 seats unchanged since the time of Queen Victoria. Darren Hughes added: 
 
“Safe seats are the 21st century’s Rotten Boroughs. They take power away from local voters and hand it to Central Office.”
 
 
  • South Shields last changed hands between parties in 1935. When Tony Blair announced the date of the General Election in 2001 incumbent David Clark MP immediately vacated the seat to make way for David Miliband. Within weeks of the general election Clark was given a life peerage.

  • Arthur Blenkinsop (MP from 1964-79) was the only MP representing South Shields since 1929 with a pre-existing local connection – and the only one not to rise to become a Cabinet Minister.  

  • The average UK parliamentary seat has not changed hands between parties since the 1960s. 232 have not budged since WW2 – with 32 Seats in one party control since the reign of Queen Victoria.
     
  • Secretary of State for Environment Food and Rural Affairs Owen Paterson holds Britain’s safest seat – North Shropshire - which has been in one party control since 1835. 2nd place goes to David Davis (Haltemprice and Howden - 1837) and 3rd to Minister of State for Schools Nick Gibb (Bognor Regis & Littlehampton – 1840)
 
12th March 2013
12
Mar 2013
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- Endorsement for more local politics and citizens’ assemblies

A report on the future of Scottish Democracy published by the Electoral Reform Society today is adding to the calls for further decentralisation of power in Scottish Local Government

As part of its ‘Democracy Max’ programme the Society is endeavouring to outline a vision for the ‘good Scottish democracy’.

This first phase outlines fresh ideas for bringing power closer to people and addressing the real disconnect between people and politics. The report captures the views of ordinary members of the public selected from across Scotland, fed into roundtable discussion of experts and non-experts and open public meetings.

Willie Sullivan, Director of Electoral Reform Society Scotland said:

“The Scottish public seem more committed to Localism than our politicians. Remote decision making and abstract policy debates are proving a real turn off. What we are seeing is a clear desire to bring decision making down to the level of communities and neighbourhoods.

“Compared to most other European states, the levels of local representation and local power are derisory. We need to consider volunteer councillors representing smaller local areas”

Members of the public had also strongly endorsed a ‘Citizens’ Assembly’ – an additional decision making chamber constituted like a large jury, where people are appointed for short terms to reflect the make-up of the Scottish public.

Mr Sullivan added:

“While our politics might be in crisis we do not think it is beyond treatment. There is an opportunity for Scotland to lead the way in creating a new politics'”

Democracy Max: The Sovereignty of the People is available to download

28th February 2013
28
Feb 2013
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New research from Professor John Curtice for the Electoral Reform Society is showing how Scottish voters and parties have adapted to the Single Transferable Vote (STV) in Scottish Local Elections – spelling out both the progress that was made at the second STV election in 2012 and the room that remains for improvement.

Publication comes just ahead of the close of submissions to the Scottish Parliament’s inquiry into the 2012 contest. 

In the report Professor Curtice also expresses concern that the practice of listing candidates in alphabetical order is continuing to offer some candidates unfair advantages on polling day.

Willie Sullivan, Director of the Electoral Reform Society Scotland said:

“The first STV election in 2007 saw massive changes in how local democracy worked in Scotland. Voter choice more than doubled, uncontested seats became a thing of the past, and the rotten boroughs that plagued Scotland were undone.

“2012 saw the new system bedding in, with both voters and parties making the most of the possibilities presented by STV. Scotland clearly has lessons for those in England and Wales who believe their local democracy can and should be better.”

 The report’s author Professor John Curtice added:

“STV has given voters the opportunity to express a more nuanced choice. 2012 confirmed that Scots are willing to use the opportunity to cast more than one preference, and to vote across party lines.
 
“Independents have done well under the new system. Personality still matters to some voters – and under STV reaps its reward. Meanwhile, a majority of councils are now being run by single party administrations. The fears of those who felt that introducing proportional representation would inevitably result in multi-party instability and greater party domination of local government have not been realised.”

The research has also suggested scope for further improvements. Professor Curtice added:

“The Government needs to think carefully about the wisdom of simply listing candidates in alphabetical order on the ballot. In 80% of cases where a party nominated a pair of candidates, the candidate placed higher on the ballot paper won more first preferences. Our elections shouldn’t give an ‘Anderson’ an inbuilt advantage over a ‘Young’.
 

2012 Scottish Local Government Elections, 3 May 2012, Report & Analysis
, by Professor John Curtice is available for download here: www.electoral-reform.org.uk/images/dynamicImages/scottishlocalelections2012.pdf
 
An Ordinary Election: STV in Edinburgh – A short film to accompany the report launch is available here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KflPqrMbBl0


For more information or comment contact Willie Sullivan on 07940 523842 or email willie.sullivan@electoral-reform.org.uk or Professor John Curtice on 07710 348755

25th February 2013
25
Feb 2013
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'How not to run an election' - new report from Electoral Reform Society slams chaotic police elections


New research into November’s disastrous Police and Crime Commissioner Poll has revealed an election that failed both candidates and voters alike.  

Building on the largest published survey of PCC candidates to date the report reveals unprecedented criticism of the Government’s handling of their flagship policy – which resulted in the lowest election turnout in British peacetime history (15.1%).

Polling commissioned by the Society is also showing that just 1 in 10 voters can even identify their elected PCC.  The Society has now called on the Electoral Commission not to “pull its punches” in its forthcoming review of the election so that those responsible for the policy can be held to account.

Katie Ghose, Chief Executive of the Electoral Reform Society said:



“This was a flagship policy designed to reconnect the public and the police. Yet after spending £75 million nearly 90% of Britons have no idea who their elected Police and Crime Commissioner even is.


“November’s bungled poll failed both candidates and voters. Government mismanagement has handed our elected Commissioners a poisoned chalice, and it remains unclear how they can overcome it.


“The Electoral Commission’s forthcoming review must not pull its punches. The Government has singularly failed to accept any responsibility and would like to see nothing more than a whitewash.”


How not to run an election: The Police and Crime Commissioner Elections 2012, by Jess Garland and Chris Terry, is available for download here:

Key Facts:

Public awareness

Key Facts:

Public awareness

  • Just 11% of respondents in England and Wales could name their PCC
    Populus poll (Jan 30-31) covers 1624 adults in England and Wales (excluding London).

The Candidates’-eye view: 

An Electoral Reform Society Survey of PCC candidates, November 2012 found:

  • 88% of candidates felt that public awareness of the elections was low - of these 63% thought it was very low.
  • One candidate said “The Government’s communication’s strategy was a complete disaster”.  Another described the official TV adverts as “appallingly prejudiced and stereotyped”.
  • 98% of candidates would have preferred candidate information to have been sent in the post.  One candidate said: “There is no excuse for the government to have failed to fund a freepost mailing.”

A quarter of all candidates participated in post-election survey - 46/192

 

The Voters'-eye view:
What kept voters at home? Polling by Populus, 16-19 November 2012 found:

  • 45% of non-voters felt they didn’t have enough information to make a decision
  • 19% of non-voters didn’t agree with electing police commissioners. Projected to the voting population at large more people objected to the policy than actually took part.  

Key recommendations:

  • Never hold another major election in the winter months which discourages people from turning out
  • Never leave voters in the dark about who or what they are voting for - ensure information on candidates is provided in mailings to voters.
  • Ensure a level playing field for candidates through well-designed election rules.
Recent News
16 May 2013

Today a new bill lands in parliament today, courtesy of Labour's Alan Whitehead, Lib Dem Lord Tyler and Conserative Andrew Tyrie.
 
It deserves attention – because it offers a sensible, cross party approach to party funding.
 
This bill puts pay to the myth that cross-party solution to party funding isn’t possible. Caps on spending and donations are the only logical response to the electoral arms race.

 

This week’s figures show how reliant the parties have become on a dwindling number of big donors. Electoral Commission estimates for the first quarter of 2013 show Labour received over £1.5 million from John Mills, founder of home shopping company JML Direct, while Conservatives received £500,000 a piece from the wife of a former arms dealer, and the Chief Executive of head of mining conglomerate Xstrata.  And it’s only natural for the public to question their motives.

 

That policies are not for sale should be beyond doubt. We have reached an impasse because our political class only seem to be motivated by their own bank balances. They need to understand that delay has a price – and that’s public trust in politics.

 

This week the Times went suggested that Labour drop two policies in order to attract corporate funding.  This was breath-taking. Political parties should base their manifestos on their vision for how the United Kingdom could be – not leave it to the highest bidder.  Support or rejection of a policy programme should rest on strength at the ballot box, not the depth of donors’ pockets.

 

An open, clean and fair model of funding the parties would give taxpayers far better value for money.  It would ensure our politicians don’t have to dance to the tune of trusts, union bosses or City interests

 

We cannot wait for the next scandal. All the parties have been tainted by party funding. Party leaders need to take this opportunity break the deadlock, and break the hold of big money on our politics.
 

14 May 2013

Following the county council elections we've been hearing a lot about 'None of the Above'.
 
The IPPR recently flagged None of the Above – or NOTA - as a part of their plan to boost youth turnout - making voting for under 24s compulsory, but ensuring there's an option for first time voters to register their disdain for the candidates on offer.
 
The Greeks have the ‘white’ option on their ballot; the US State of Nevada has ‘None of these candidates’. Spain and Columbia have the voto en blanco. Russia abolished it in 2006. Bangladesh introduced it in 2008. And Pakistani voters would have had the option in last weeks’ general election had their electoral commission not rejected it.
 
NOTA’s younger brother RON may be familiar to those well versed in student politics (for those that aren’t that’s Re Open Nominations). But should the rest of the UK sign up? We've seen petitions and campaigns springing up and we want to see what our supporters think.
 
So what are the arguments?
 
The upside. Well we might get a measure of political disenchantment in Britain.
 
We won't have to speculate about what kept people at home. Nearly 16 million potential voters passed on the 2010 general election, and that should concern us all. The logic is that turnout would increase if those turned off by the parties are given a chance to express their view.
 
The downside? Shouldn't elections be a positive statement? Will what's been billed as the 'ultimate protest vote' do anything to bridge the growing gap between people and politics? Isn't this all a bit, well, anti-politics?
 
Where NOTA is an available option the limited evidence to hand suggests it isn’t widely used - it’s populists and hard left and right parties that remain the main beneficiaries of protest votes.
 
And there are a lot of unknown quantities.
 
What would happen in the event of a NOTA victory is unclear. Should the seat remain vacant? Would voters get the candidates they were pining for?
 
We'll leave that to you. Give us your view in the comments box below.

 

13 May 2013

"How could I make a decision? I didn't receive any leaflets"

 

That seemed to be a common complaint from the 2013 County Council Elections. We’ve conducted a string of interviews for local radio where many voters seemed to feel they didn’t see an election.
 
Well if you didn’t hear from the parties it’s because your vote doesn’t matter.
 
In local elections under First Past the Post there are two kinds of voter:  those in safe wards, that parties can take for granted, and those in marginal wards that can tip the balance. A handful of addresses in a handful of wards can mean the difference between victory and defeat, and those golden voters can expect leaflets en masse, door knocking, phone calls – the full monty of election campaigning.
 
So fresh from an interview for BBC Oxfordshire we thought we see what this meant for leaflets – and voters - in one county.
 
The Conservatives lost control of Oxfordshire Council – but where was this battle fought? Well it wasn’t in the Conservative heartlands in east and west (you can add the north of the county to the list with the exception of Banbury). It wasn’t fought in the Labour strongholds in the City of Oxford. And the battleground wasn’t the handful of Lib Dem bastions in commuter towns around the city.
 
297,000 voters were unlucky enough to live in these safe wards – that’s 59% of the total electorate.
 
If you wanted to see leaflets then the centre of Oxford was the place to be – a battleground heavily contested by the centre left.  Lib Dems, Labour and Greens out in force – and lots of competition means lots of literature. Banbury saw leaflets galore as it went from blue to red, and several wards bordering Oxford tightly contested between Lib Dems and Conservatives wouldn’t have been short of a few copies of Focus.  Some 204,000 golden voters in Oxfordshire’s marginals were getting all the attention.
 

 
Just take a look over on Election leaflets to see the difference. This site has been crowdsourcing the material that’s been landing on our mats for years.  And it paints a compelling picture of the two kinds of elections voters see in this country.
And it’s as much quality as quantity. There are the full colour glossies received by wards in contention and the grim risographed efforts of paper candidates. And most tellingly of all there are the missing leaflets from parties that aren’t prepared to engage with potential supporters in no-go areas – or even their own voters in their safe wards.
 
Pop in a postcode for central Oxford and you’ll be spoiled for choice. Check out a postcode for the Eastern fringe of the county, and you’ll be lucky to see anything.
 
Don’t get us wrong, this behaviour is entirely logical. With limited resources parties will put all their effort in the handful of places where it might make a difference.
 
But that’s the logic of First Past the Post. All voters deserve to be part of a debate on the future of their community – but that debate isn’t happening in most of Oxfordshire – or indeed in most of the country.
 
Fair votes for local elections in Scotland have meant the parties can’t get away from engaging with their electorate because all votes matter. It isn’t possible to deem any ward as ‘in the bag’. It means voters are on the receiving end of more debate, and dare we say it, more leaflets.
Voters in Oxfordshire deserve the same deal.
 
If you didn’t hear from the parties in the local elections we want to hear from you www.electoral-reform.org.uk/rottenboroughs
 
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8 May 2013

Some more good news from today’s Queen’s Speech. And this time it’s for something that’s actually in it.

 

The Coalition Government is now pledged to bring forward draft legislation to reform elections in Wales.

 

The current way Wales elects its AMs, a hybrid system known as the ‘Mixed Member System’ (40 via First Past The Post constituencies and 20 Regional List members) is far from perfect. The ban on dual candidacy applies to candidates wanting to stand in both a constituency seat and on a regional list, and has been in force since the 2007 elections.

 

It’s a ban that should never have been introduced in the first place. It was a measure which was imposed against the wishes of the National Assembly by the then UK Labour government. When a similar measure was considered in Scotland, the cross-party Arthbuthnot Commission firmly rejected a ban. Yet the last Labour Government pressed ahead.

 

The result? According to Cardiff University Wales Governance Centre, Wales is the only nation in the world – other than the Ukraine to impose such a ban.

 

Opponents of dual candidacy cling to the ‘Clwyd West’ problem – the situation when in 2003 the defeated Conservative, Plaid Cymru and Liberal Democrat candidates all gained election to the National Assembly – via the North Wales regional list. But the ‘problem’ appears to occupy the minds of those in the political bubble much more than voters – as Arthbuthnot discovered.

 

Former German chancellor and architect of re-unification Helmut Kohl was himself a List Member of the Bundestag between 1982 and 1990 when he lost out in his constituency. No one questioned his mandate and it’s hard to see why dual candidacy appears to be much more of an issue in Clwyd West than it was in West Germany.

 

We’ve been leading the call for change. The ban on dual candidacy means that across Wales, for the Conservatives, Plaid Cymru and the Liberal Democrats – and to a certain extent Labour outside of its heartlands, candidates have to play a game of Russian Roulette at each election. If a party does well and increases its share of the vote, like the Conservatives did in the 2011 Assembly elections, it’s likely that additional First Past The Post constituency seats will be won at the expense of list seats. The case of Nick Bourne – then Welsh Conservative leader and Mid & West Wales AM being knocked out by a Tory victory in the Montgomeryshire constituency is one such example.

 

Surely that’s democracy – some people win, some people lose? In an institution as small as the National Assembly, this unpredictable churn inevitably impacts on the scrutiny of the government. Regardless of one’s political view, the National Assembly is a poorer place without Conservatives like Nick Bourne and Jonathan Morgan, and others such as Helen Mary Jones. Reversing the ban would be good for democracy and bring Wales into line with most other democracies.

 

The longer-term solution of course, would be to elect all Assembly Members using the same system. An Electoral Reform Society report outlined why a shift to the exclusive use of First Past The Post would damage devolution: giving one party, Labour, a supermajority of 70% of seats on just 40% of the vote.

 

While the Wales Office should press ahead on reversing the ban, the Wales Office needs to tread carefully on double jobbing. The UK Government is right to look at restricting this practice but maintaining flexibility is key. The Secretary of State for Wales is himself a former AM, the National Assembly is a richer place for having former Members of Parliament sat on its benches; and the same is true of the Commons. A blanket ban on double jobbing would be counterproductive and the Wales Office must explore more flexible restrictions, such as allowing up to 12 months’ overlap after parliamentary and assembly elections.

 

Lastly, as all parties in the Senedd agree – the power over the National Assembly’s electoral arrangements should be devolved. It’s a decision that only affects the people of Wales: and it’s a decision that should be taken in Wales. To prevent a party or coalition of parties in the Senedd with a simple majority from changing the voting system to suit their own ends, a two-thirds rule of voting AMs should apply to any changes. A referendum could be used as a final mechanism in the event of the National Assembly being unable to agree changes.